PHYTOCHEMICAL, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTISNAKE VENOM STUDIES OF THE METHANOL EXTRACT OF THE ROOT BARK OF PHYLLANTHUS MUELLERIANUS (KUNTZE) EXCELL
- Project Research
- 1-5 Chapters
- Abstract : Available
- Table of Content: Available
- Reference Style: APA
- Recommended for : Student Researchers
- NGN 5000
ABSTRACT
Phyllanthus muellerianus is distributed in secondary forests from Guinea-Bissau, Mali, West Cameroons and other parts of tropical Africa. It is a shrub or climber deciduous and occasionally arborescent. The root bark of this plant was extracted by maceration using methanol. The preliminary phytochemical screening of the methanol extract indicates the presence of terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids and carbohydrates. The methanol extract was then dissolved in water and partitioned with nhexane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. The partitioned n-butanol fraction was subjected to column chromatography, gel filtration chromatography and then preparative thin layer chromatography to yield a brown pentasaccharide PA - α-D-Glcp-(2 6)-[ α-D-Fruf(1 2)]α-D-Fruf-(1 4)β-D-Glcp-(2 2)β-D-Fruf and sucrose PX - α-D-Glcp-(1 2)α-D-Fruf which is whitish in colour. The structures of the compounds were resolved using UV, IR, 1D- and 2D-NMR spectral results. n-Butanol was also added to the dry methanol extract. The n-butanol fraction of the dry crude extract was also subjected to gel filtration chromatography and preparative thin layer chromatography to give a brown amino alcohol glycoside CP1 – (2S, 3S, 4S, 5R)-2-((E)-3,10-diaminoicos-5-enyloxy)- tetrahydro-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol. The LD50 and LD99 in mice of the methanol extract and the venom of Naja nigricollis were determined to be 400mg/kg and 9.55mg/kg using Lorke’s method and probit analysis respectively. Different doses of the methanol extract and the LD99 of the venom were used for in vitro and in vivo detoxification studies in mice. The extract exhibited 67% protection against lethality at an administered dose of 20mg/kg, 83% at 40mg/kg and 33% at 80mg/kg of the extract in vitro while there was 50% protection against lethality at an administered dose of 10mg/kg in vivo. The isolated pentasaccharide exhibited a free radical scavenging activity comparable to that of vitamin C at 95% confidence level using DPPH as the viii standard free radical and methanol as solvent. Conclusively, the root bark of the plant is rich in saccharides and the ethnomedicinal claim as to the antivenin properties of the root bark of Phyllanthus muellerianus has been scientifically validated.
Related Project Materials
An Investigation of Semantic Shifts in Nigerian Social Media: A Comparative Study of Twitter Hashtags
Background of the study
Semantic shifts—changes in the meaning of words or expressions—are rapidly occurring in digital commu...
IMPACT OF BANK CHARGES ON CUSTOMER SAVING HABIT A CASE STUDY OF UNION BANK PLC
ABSTRACT
This research work assess the impact of bank charges on customer saving habit a case study of...
An Evaluation of Risk Management Strategies in the Insurance Sector: A Study of AIICO Insurance in Kano State
Background of the Study
Risk management is a critical aspect of the insurance industry, as it involves identifying, assessing, and mitiga...
The Impact of Rural Market Integration on Agricultural Banking Services: A Case Study of Union Bank of Nigeria
Background of the Study
Rural market integration refers to the process by which rural economies become con...
The Effectiveness of Risk-Based Auditing in Budget Monitoring in Tambuwal Local Government Area
Background of the Study
Risk-based auditing is a modern approach to auditing that focuses on identifying areas of high f...
THE EFFECT OF BULLYING ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS IN SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOLS
BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
In schools, bullying occurs in all areas. It can occur in nearly any part in or around th...
The impact of contemporary fashion trends on indigenous dress codes in Uhunmwonde Local Government, Edo State
Background of the Study
Indigenous dress codes have historically been a vital expression of cultural identity in Uhunmwond...
An assessment of teacher-student interaction dynamics in early childhood education in Lere Local Government Area, Kaduna State
Background of the Study
Teacher-student interaction dynamics are fundamental to creating a supportive and...
The Role of Indigenous Language Newspapers in Cultural Preservation: A Study of Garki Local Government, Jigawa State
Chapter One: Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
Indigenous language newspapers play an essential role in preserving and p...
THE INFLUENCE OF BRAND IMAGE ON CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of brand image on customer behavior in the Nigerian banking sector. The s...
